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Allergen immunterapi

Sist oppdatert: Sist revidert:
Sist revidert av:
Definisjon:
Allergen immunterapi er langvarig allergenspesifikk terapi hvor allergener enten adminstreres subkutant, eller peroralt som dråper eller tabletter hos pasienter som ikke får tilfredsstillende symptomlindring ved ordinær behandling
Forekomst:
Økende bruk på grunn av mulighet for peroral administrering 
Indikasjoner:
Allergisk rhinitt eller allergisk rhinokonjuktivitt på grunn av allergi mot pollen, midd, mugg eller katt/hund. I tillegg allergisk reaksjon på bi- eller vepsestikk
Behandling:
Daglig inntak av allergen i form av dråper eller tabletter i tre år, alternativ subkutane injeksjoner med opptrapping over få uker, deretter vedlikeholdsinjeksjoner i 3-5 år 
  1. Storaas T, Alnæs MB, Stylianou E, et al. Norsk Forening for Allergologi og Immunpatologi. Praktisk veileder i allergen immunterapi. 3. utgave 2023 www.legeforeningen.no  
  2. Huggins JL, Looney RJ. Allergen immunotherapy. Am Fam Physician 2004; 70: 689-96. PubMed  
  3. Hansen TK, Svendsen UG. Allergenspecifik immunterapi. Ugeskr Læger 2005; 167: 666-71. PubMed  
  4. Dhami S, Nurmatov U, Arasi S, et al. Allergen immunotherapy for allergic rhinoconjunctivitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Allergy. 2017;72(11):1597-1631. Pmid: 28493631 PubMed  
  5. Elliott J, Kelly SE, Johnston A, Skidmore B, Gomes T, Wells GA. Allergen immunotherapy for the treatment of allergic rhinitis and/or asthma: an umbrella review. CMAJ Open. 2017 May 10;5(2):E373-E385. PMID: 28495938 PubMed  
  6. Radulovic S, Calderon MA, Wilson D, Durham S. Sublingual immunotherapy for allergic rhinitis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2010, Issue 12. Art. No.: CD002893. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD002893.pub2 DOI  
  7. Calderon MA, Alves B, Jacobson M, Hurwitz B, Sheikh A, Durham S. Allergen injection immunotherapy for seasonal allergic rhinitis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2007, Issue 1. Art. No.: CD001936. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001936.pub2. Accessed 26 July 2023 The Cochrane Library  
  8. Di Bona D, Plaia A, Leto-Barone MS, et al. Efficacy of grass pollen allergen sublingual immunotherapy tablets for seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Intern Med. 2015. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.2840. DOI  
  9. Cox L. The role of allergen immunotherapy in the management of allergic rhinitis. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2016; 30: 48-53. pmid:26867530 PubMed  
  10. What are the benefits and harms of sublingual immunotherapy compared with placebo in people with allergic rhinitis? Elie Mulhem (MD) (on behalf of Cochrane Clinical Answers Editors). Cochrane Clinical Answers 2014. DOI: 10.1002/cca.237.
  11. Rak S, Yang WH, Pedersen MR, Durham SR. Once-daily sublingual allergen-specific immunotherapy improves quality of life in patients with grass pollen-induced allergic rhinoconjunctivitis: a double-blind, randomised study. Qual Life Res 2007; 16: 191-201. PubMed  
  12. Barr JG, Al-Reefy H, Fox AT, et al. Allergic rhinitis in children. BMJ. 2014 ;349:g4153. doi: 10.1136/bmj.g4153 DOI  
  13. Calderon MA, Penagos M, Sheikh A, Canonica GW, Durham S. Sublingual immunotherapy for treating allergic conjunctivitis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2011, Issue 7. Art. No.: CD007685. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD007685.pub2. Accessed 26 July 2023. The Cochrane Library  
  14. Fortescue R, Kew KM, Leung MShiu Tsun. Sublingual immunotherapy for asthma. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2020, Issue 9. Art. No.: CD011293. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD011293.pub3. Accessed 26 July 2023. The Cochrane Library  
  15. Tam H, Calderon MA, Manikam L, Nankervis H, García Núñez I, Williams HC, Durham S, Boyle RJ. Specific allergen immunotherapy for the treatment of atopic eczema. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2016, Issue 2. Art. No.: CD008774. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD008774.pub2. Accessed 26 July 2023 The Cochrane Library  
  16. Romantsik O, Tosca MA, Zappettini S, Calevo MG. Oral and sublingual immunotherapy for egg allergy. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2018, Issue 4. Art. No.: CD010638. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD010638.pub3. Accessed 26 July 2023 The Cochrane Library  
  17. Moller C, Dreborg S, Ferdousi HA, Halken S, Host A, Jacobsen L, et al. Pollen immunotherapy reduces the development of asthma in children with seasonal rhinoconjunctivitis (the PAT-study). J Allergy Clin Immunol 2002; 109: 251-6. PubMed  
  18. Grembiale RD, Camporota L, Naty S, Tranfa CM, Djukanovic R, Marsico SA. Effects of specific immunotherapy in allergic rhinitic individuals with bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000; 162: 2048-52. PubMed  
  19. Steinsvåg SK, Florvaag E. Allergivaksinasjon - hvorfor og hvordan. Tidsskr Nor Lægeforen 2005; 125: 1489-90. PubMed  
  • Ingard Løge, spesialist allmennmedisin, redaktør NEL

Tidligere fagmedarbeidere

  • Kurt Østhuus Krogh, spesialist i barnesykdommer, Barne- og ungdomsklinikken, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim
  • Malcolm Sue-Chu, dr. med., overlege, Lungeavdelingen, St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim