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Autismespekterforstyrrelser

Sist revidert:
Sist revidert av:
Definisjon:
Et spekter av tilstander kjennetegnet ved avvik i sosialt samspill, kommunikasjons­mønster samt stereotypt og repetitivt atferdsmønster. Genetiske årsaker har sannsynligvis størst betydning 
Forekomst:
Prevalenstall spriker, men antas for hele autismespekteret å være 0,3-1%. Gutter rammes hyppigere enn jenter
Symptomer:
Avhengig av alder, grad av autisme og intellektuell funksjonsnedsettelse. Avvik i sosialt samspill og kommunikasjon
Funn:
Undersøk for sansedefekter (syn, hørsel) og gjennomfør en nevrologisk undersøkelse
Diagnostikk:
Kartlegging av sosial utvikling, språkutvikling, utvikling av lekeatferd og interesser, aktuelle symptomer, kognitiv funksjon og utelukkelse av somatiske differensialdiagnoser /underliggende tilstander
Behandling:
Habilitering. Pedagogisk tilrettelegging. Kognitive terapiformer og støttesamtaler ved mindre kognitive vansker.
  • Sponheim E, Gjevik E. Gjennomgripende utviklingsforstyrrelser (autismespekterforstyrrelser). Faglig veileder for barne- og ungdomspsykiatri, sist oppdatert april 2019
  • Nasjonalt kompetansesenter for nevroutviklingsforstyrrelser og hypersomnier, NevSom 
  • Organisering av tjenester for barn og unge med ASD varierer. Regionale fagmiljø for autisme er opprettet i alle helseregioner og vil ha oversikt over hvor kompetanse finnes
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  • Silje Folven Barlindhaug, spesialist i allmennmedisin, redaktør NEL

Tidligere fagmedarbeidere

  • Grete Dyb, barnepsykiater, Barne- og ungdomspsykiatrisk klinikk, St.Olavs hospital, Universitetssykehuset i Trondheim, Helse Midt-Norge
  • Eili Sponheim, overlege, Senter for barne- og ungdomspsykiatri, Oslo