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Terminal behandling av voksne

Sist oppdatert: Sist revidert:
Sist revidert av:
  1. Cohen-Mansfield J, Skornick-Bouchbinder M, Brill S. Trajectories of End of Life: A Systematic Review. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2018 Apr 16;73(4):564-572. PMID: 28977651 PubMed  
  2. Sandvik RS, Selbæk G, Bergh S, Aarsland D, Husebø BS. Signs of Imminent Dying and Change in Symptom Intensity During Pharmacological Treatment in Dying Nursing Home Patients: A Prospective Trajectory Study. JAMDA 2016; 17 (9): 821-827.
  3. Alsuhail AI, Punalvasal Duraisamy B, Alkhudhair A, Alshammary SA, AlRehaili A. The Accuracy of Imminent Death Diagnosis in a Palliative Care Setting. Cureus. 2020 Aug 1;12(8):e9503. PMID: 32879825 PubMed  
  4. Gunasekaran B, Scott C, Ducharlet K, Marco D, Mitchell I, Weil J. Recognising and managing dying patients in the acute hospital setting: can we do better? Intern Med J. 2019 Jan;49(1):119-122. PMID: 30680897 PubMed  
  5. Norsk palliativ forening. Begrep. Siden besøkt 22.11.2021. palliativ.org  
  6. Helsedirektoratet. Nasjonale faglige råd for lindrende behandling i livets sluttfase. Oslo; 2018. Siden besøkt 22.11.2021 helsedirektoratet.no  
  7. Crane MK, Wittink M, Doukas DJ. Respecting end-of-life treatment preferences. Am Fam Physician 2005; 72: 1263-8. PubMed  
  8. Albert RH. End-of-life care: managing common symptoms. Am Fam Physician. 2017 Mar 15;95(6):356-361. . pmid:28318209 PubMed  
  9. Østergaard I, Ottesen SS, Damkier A. Den døende patient. Ugeskr Læger 2007; 169: 3768. PubMed  
  10. Clary PL, Lawson P. Pharmocologic pearls for end-of-life care. Am Fam Physician 2009; 79: 1059-65. American Family Physician  
  11. Jansen K, Haugen DF, Pont L, Ruths S. Safety and Effectiveness of Palliative Drug Treatment in the Last Days of Life-A Systematic Literature Review. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2018 Feb;55(2):508-521.e3. Epub 2017 Aug 10. PMID: 28803078 PubMed  
  12. Arends J, Bachmann P, Baracos V, et al.. ESPEN guidelines on nutrition in cancer patients. Clin Nutr. 2017 Feb;36(1):11-48. Epub 2016 Aug 6. PMID: 27637832 PubMed  
  13. Care of dying adults in the last days of life. (2015). (Clinical guideline NG31). London: National institute for health and care excellence. www.nice.org.uk  
  14. Kehl KA, Kowalkowski JA. A systematic review of the prevalence of signs of impending death and symptoms in the last 2 weeks of life. Am J Hosp Palliat Care. 2013;30(6):601–616. PMID:23236090 PubMed  
  15. Mahler DA, O'Donnell DE. Recent advances in dyspnea. Chest. 2015;147(1):232–241. PMID: 25560861. PubMed  
  16. Goy ER, Ganzini L. Prevalence and natural history of neuropsychiatric syndromes in veteran hospice patients. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2011;41(2):394–401.
  17. Chamberlain BH, Cross K, Winston JL, et al. Methylnaltrexone treatment of opioid-induced constipation in patients with advanced illness. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2009;38(5):683–690. PMID: 19713070. PubMed  
  18. Lokker ME, van Zuylen L, van der Rijt CC, van der Heide A. Prevalence, impact, and treatment of death rattle: a systematic review. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2014;47(1):105–122.
  19. Qaseem A, Snow V, Shekelle P, et al. Evidence-based interventions to improve the palliative care of pain, dyspnea, and depression at the end of life: A clinical practice from the American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med 2008; 148: 141-6. Annals of Internal Medicine  
  20. Folkehelseinstituttet. Dødsårsaksregisteret. Tall for 2020. www.fhi.no  
  21. Kjellstadli C, Husebø BS, Sandvik H, Flo E, Hunskaar S. Comparing unplanned and potentially planned home deaths: a population-based cross-sectional study. BMC Palliat Care. 2018 May 2;17(1):69. PMID: 29720154 PubMed  
  22. Rosland JH, von Hofacker S, Paulsen Ø. Den døende patient. Tidskr Nor Lægeforen 2006; 126: 467-70. PubMed  
  23. Aabom B, Kragstrup J, Vondeling H et al. Population-based study of place of death of patients with cancer: implications for GPs. Br J Gen Pract 2005; 55: 684-9. PubMed  
  24. Kjellstadli, Camilla. Dying at home in Norway: Health care service utilization in the final months of life. Doctoral thesis (2020). bora.uib.no  
  25. Palliation i primærsektoren. Klinisk vejledning. Dansk Selskab for Almen Medicin. 2004. www.dsam.dk/flx/publikationer/kliniske_vejledninger /marts 2007.
  26. Gomes B, Higginson IJ. Factors influencing death at home in terminally ill patients with cancer: a systematic review. BMJ 2006; 332; 515-21.
  • Kristian Jansen, spesialist i allmennmedisin, PhD, kompetanseområde i alders- og sykehjemsmedisin, Bergen Kommune

Tidligere fagmedarbeidere

  • Ivar B. Mediås, spesialist i allmennmedisin, Sørum legesenter, Sørumsand
  • Olav Sletvold, professor dr. med., Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet og overlege Geriatrisk avdeling, Regionsykehuset i Trondheim