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Underernæring

Sist revidert:
Sist revidert av:
  • Helsedirektoratet. Nasjonale faglige retningslinjer for forebygging og behandling av underernæring. 2022.
  1. Helsedirektoratet. Nasjonal faglig retningslinje om forebygging og behandling av underernæring. Sist faglig oppdatert 14. mars 2022. www.helsedirektoratet.no  
  2. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Nutrition support for adults: oral nutrition support, enteral tube feeding and parenteral nutrition. Last updated 04 August 2017. www.nice.org.uk  
  3. Schuetz P, Seres D, Lobo DN, et al. Management of disease-related malnutrition for patients being treated in hospital. Lancet. 2021;398(10314):1927-1938. PubMed  
  4. Abd Aziz NAS, Teng NIMF, Abdul Hamid MR, Ismail NH. Assessing the nutritional status of hospitalized elderly. Clin Interv Aging. 2017;12:1615-1625. Published 2017 Oct 4.
  5. Avenell A, Smith TO, Curtain JP, Mak JCS, Myint PK. Nutritional supplementation for hip fracture aftercare in older people. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2016, Issue 11. The Cochrane Library  
  6. Sørbye LW. Hjemmetjenester til eldre i Bærum og Ullern. Sammenlignende data fra AdHOC studiet. Oslo: Diakonhjemmets høgskole; 2003.
  7. Stratton R.J., Elia M. A reviewe of reviews: A new look at the evidence for oral nutritional supplements in clinical practice. Clin Nutr Supplement 2007; 2: 5-23. PubMed  
  8. Sorbye LW, Schroll M, Finne SH, Jonsson PV, Topinkova E, Ljunggren G, et al. Unintended Weight Loss in the Elderly Living at Home: the Aged in Home Care Project (AdHOC). J Nutr Health Aging 2008; 12: 10-6. PubMed  
  9. Mowe M, Diep L, Bohmer T. Greater seven-year survival in very aged patients with body mass index between 24 and 26 kg/m2. J Am Geriatr Soc 2008; 56: 359-60. PubMed  
  10. Kyle UG, Genton L, Pichard C. Hospital length of stay and nutritional status. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2005; 8: 397-402. PubMed  
  11. Russell CA. The impact of healthcare costs and economic considerations for the use of oral nutritional supplements. Clin Nutr Supplement 2007; 2: 25-32. PubMed  
  12. Amaral TF, Matos LC, Tavares MM, Subtil A, Martins R, Nazare M, et al. The economic impact of diseaserelated malnutrition at hospital admission. Clin Nutr 2007; 26: 778-84. PubMed  
  13. Elia M. Nutrition and health economics. Nutrition 2006; 22: 576-8. PubMed  
  14. Mowe M, Bosaeus I, Rasmussen HH, Kondrup J, Unosson M, Irtun O. Nutritional routines and attitudes among doctors and nurses in Scandinavia: a questionnaire based survey. Clin Nutr 2006; 25: 524-32. PubMed  
  15. Kruizenga HM, Van Tulder MW, Seidell JC, Thijs A, Ader HJ, Van Bokhorst-de van der Schueren MA. Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of early screening and treatment of malnourished patients. Am J Clin Nutr 2005; 82: 1082-9. PubMed  
  16. Cederholm T., Barazzoni R., Austin P., Ballmer P., Biolo G., Bischoff S.C., Compher C., Correia I., Higashiguchi T., Holst M., et al. ESPEN Guidelines on Definitions and Terminology of Clinical Nutrition. Clin. Nutr. 2017;36:49–64.
  17. Boullata J, Williams J, Cottrell F, Hudson L, Compher C. Accurate determination of energy needs in hospitalized patients. J Am Diet Assoc 2007; 107: 393-401. PubMed  
  18. St Onge M, Mignault D, Allison DB, Rabasa-Lhoret R. Evaluation of a portable device to measure daily energy expenditure in free-living adults. Am J Clin Nutr 2007; 85: 742-9. PubMed  
  19. Herke M, Fink A, Langer G, Wustmann T, Watzke S, Hanff AM, Burckhardt M. Environmental and behavioural modifications for improving food and fluid intake in people with dementia. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2018, Issue 7. Art. No.: CD011542. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD011542.pub2 DOI  
  20. Ravasco P, Monteiro-Grillo I, Vidal PM, Camilo ME. Dietary counseling improves patient outcomes: a prospective, randomized, controlled trial in colorectal cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy. J Clin Oncol 2005; 23: 1431-8. PubMed  
  21. Ravasco P, Monteiro-Grillo I, Marques VP, Camilo ME. Impact of nutrition on outcome: a prospective randomized controlled trial in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing radiotherapy. Head Neck 2005; 27: 659-68. PubMed  
  22. Nursing interventions to minimise undernutrition in older patients in hospital. Nurs Stand 2008; 22: 35-40. PubMed  
  23. Milne AC, Potter J, Vivanti A, Avenell A. Protein and energy supplementation in elderly people at risk from malnutrition. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2009, Issue 2. Art. No.: CD003288. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD003288.pub3. DOI  
  24. Nordoy T, Thoresen L, Kvikstad A, Svensen R. Treatment with nutrition and fluids in patients with non-curable cancer.. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen 2006; 126: 624-7. Tidsskrift for Den norske legeforening  
  25. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). NICE CG32 Refeeding Guidelines: Retrospective audit comparing dietetic and medical practice of vitamin prescriptions, blood checks and K+, PO43- & Mg2+ replacement including discharge medications. Published April 2018. www.nice.org.uk  
  26. Plonk WM, Jr., Arnold RM. Terminal care: the last weeks of life. J Palliat Med 2005; 8: 1042-54. PubMed  
  • Terje Johannessen, professor i allmennmedisin, Trondheim (tilpasning til NEL)