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Polycystisk ovariesyndrom (PCOS)

Sist revidert:
Sist revidert av:
Definisjon:
Minst to av tre kriterier skal være oppfylt: Uregelmessig menstruasjon, hyperandrogenisme og polycystiske eggstokker
Forekomst:
Ca. 10-18% hos kvinner. Rapportert prevalens i Norge er 14%
Symptomer:
Uregelmessige menstruasjoner, infertilitet, økt mannlig type av hårvekst eller hårtap, vedvarende akne og vektoppgang
Funn:
Sentralisert fedme, overvekt og hirsutisme er typisk
Diagnostikk:
Anamnese med uregelmessig menstruasjon, typiske symptomer og funn, økt fri testosteron-indeks. Ultralyd av ovarier
Behandling:
Kost og livsstilsintervensjon. Vektkontroll og vektreduksjon ved overvekt. Metformin bør prøves og kombinerte p-piller er anbefalt. Symptomatisk behandling (fertilitetsbehandling, blødningsregulering, kosmetisk laserbehandling, prekonsepsjonell veiledning). Tverrfaglig tilnærming anbefalt
  • Helena Teede et al. (full authorship above). International Evidence-based Guideline for the Assessment and Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome 2023. Monash University. Copyright Monash University, Melbourne, Australia 2023 ISBN: 978-0-6458209-0-4
  • Vanky E. et al. PCOS (Polycystisk ovariesyndrom) . Norsk gynekologisk forening Veileder i gynekologi (2023). ePub. ISBN 978-82-692382-3-5. [hentet 25.10.2023].
  1. Helena Teede et al. (full authorship above). International Evidence-based Guideline for the Assessment and Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome 2023. Monash University. Copyright Monash University, Melbourne, Australia 2023 ISBN: 978-0-6458209-0-4 doi.org  
  2. Hutchison SK, Stepto NK, Harrison CL, Moran LJ, Strauss BJ, Teede HJ. Effects of exercise on insulin resistance and body composition in overweight and obese women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. Jan 2011;96(1):E48-56. PubMed  
  3. Moran LJ, Noakes M, Clifton PM, Tomlinson L, Galletly C, Norman RJ. Dietary composition in restoring reproductive and metabolic physiology in overweight women with polycystic ovary syndrome. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. Feb 2003;88(2):812-819. PubMed  
  4. Underdal MO, Salvesen O, Henriksen AH et al. Impaired Respiratory Function in Women With PCOS Compared With Matched Controls From a Population-Based Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metabol 2020. pmid:31613965 PubMed  
  5. Torvinen A, Koivunen R, Pouta A, et al. Metabolic and reproductive characteristics of first-degree relatives of women with self-reported oligo-amenorrhoea and hirsutism. Gynecol Endocrinol. Sep 2011;27(9):630-635. PubMed  
  6. Bird ST, Hartzema AG, Brophy JM et al. Risk of venous thromboembolism in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a population-based matched cohort analysis. CMAJ. Feb 5 2013;185(2):E115-120. pmid: 23209115 PubMed  
  7. Vanky E, Zahlsen K, Spigset O, Carlsen SM. Placental passage of metformin in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Fertil Steril. 2005;83(5):1575-78. pmid: 15866611 PubMed  
  8. Løvvik TS, Carlsen SM, Salvesen Ø et al. Metformin treatment of pregnant women with polycystic ovary syndrome: results of a randomized, controlled, clinical trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2019. In press.
  9. Hanem LGE, Salvesen O, Juliusson PB et al. Intrauterine metformin exposure and offspring cardiometabolic risk factors (PedMet study): a 5-10 year follow-up of the PregMet randomised controlled trial. Lancet Child Adolesc 2019; 3(3): 166-74. pmid:30704873 PubMed  
  10. Pergialiotis V, Konstantopoulos P, Prodromidou A. MANAGEMENT OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: The impact of subclinical hypothyroidism on anthropometric characteristics, lipid, glucose and hormonal profile of PCOS patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Endocrinol 2017; 176(3): R159-66. pmid:28007842 PubMed  
  • Eszter Vanky, professor i gynekologi og fødselshjelp, Institutt for klinisk og molekylær medisin, NTNU, St. Olavs Hospital HF, Trondheim
  • Silje Folven Barlindhaug, spesialist i allmennmedisin, redaktør NEL