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Kolorektalkreft

Sist oppdatert: Sist revidert:
Sist revidert av:
Definisjon:
Kreftsvulst i kolon eller rektum. Nesten 2/3 er lokalisert til rektum og sigmoideum. 98% er adenokarsinom. Skyldes både genetiske og miljømessige faktorer
Forekomst:
Livstidsinsidens er ca. 7% for menn og ca. 6% for kvinner, og den er økende
Symptomer:
Avhenger av lokalisasjon. Ofte diffuse tidlig i forløpet. Mest typisk er avføringsendringer, følelse av ufullstendig tømning, symptomer på anemi, blod i avføringen (rødt), slim i avføringen og defekasjonssmerter
Funn:
Avhenger av lokalisasjon, men sjekk oppfylninger, ev. tegn til metastaser til lymfeknuter og lever. Rektal palpasjon kan avdekke 10%
Diagnostikk:
Test på blod i avføring, Hb, leverfunksjonsprøver. Koloskopi ved mistanke om endetarmskreft. Histologi bekrefter diagnosen
Behandling:
Kirurgi ved lokalisert kreft. Ved lokalavansert kreft opereres etter preoperativ kjemoterapi/ strålebehandling. Metastaser behandles medikamentelt, ev. med stråler, i en del tilfeller kirurgisk
  • Nasjonal kompetansetjeneste for seneffekter etter kreftbehandling, nettsted 
  • Nasjonal behandlingstjeneste for hyperterm intraperitoneal kjemoterapi (HIPEC) ved kolorektal kreft, pseudomyksoma peritoneii og peritonealt mesoteliom, Oslo universitetssykehus HF, nettsted 
  • Helsedirektoratet. Kreft i tykktarm og endetarm - handlingsprogram. Sist faglig oppdatert mai 2022
  • Tom-Harald Edna, overlege i kirurgi Sykehuset Levanger og professor ved det medisinske fakultet, NTNU
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  • Silje Folven Barlindhaug, spesialist i allmennmedisin, redaktør NEL