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Klasehodepine

Sist oppdatert: Sist revidert:
Sist revidert av:
Definisjon:
Anfallsvis hodepine med ensidige smerter i eller rundt øyet med varighet 15-180 minutt, ledsages av autonome symptomer på samme side av ansiktet, samt rastløshet/uro. Anfallene kommer i perioder ("klaser"), fra 1-8 anfall daglig i uker til måneder. Episodisk form med symptomfrie intervall på mer enn 3 måneder mellom anfallene er vanligst, men ca. 10% har en kronisk form uten lengre opphør av anfall.
Forekomst:
Livstidsprevalensen anslås til i underkant av én promille av befolkningen, hyppigst blant menn
Symptomer:
Symptomene er anfallsvis hodepine med svært intens smerte lokalisert bak eller rundt ett øye og med utstråling til tinningen, ledsaget av rødt øye, tåreflod og tett og rennende nese på samme siden, og/eller rastløshet og uro. 
Funn:
Nevrologisk status vanligvis normal, men et lett Horner's syndrom kan forekomme også utenom anfall.
Diagnostikk:
Klinisk diagnose, ingen tilleggsundersøkelser nødvendig for å stille diagnosen.
Behandling:
Behandlingen er en kombinasjon av anfallsbehandling med oksygen eller medikamenter, forebyggende behandling med medikamenter og forebyggende atferdstiltak. 
  • Nasjonal kompetansetjeneste for hodepine - nettside 
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  • Lars Jacob Stovner, professor i nevrologi, Institutt for nevromedisin og bevegelsesvitenskap, NTNU. Leder av Nasjonal kompetansetjeneste for hodepine, St. Olavs hospital, Trondheim
  • Ingard Løge, spesialist allmennmedisin, redaktør NEL