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Hematuri

Sist oppdatert: Sist revidert:
Sist revidert av:
  1. Nasjonalt handlingsprogram med retningslinjer for diagnostikk, behandling og oppfølging av blære og urotelkreft. Nasjonal faglig retningslinje. IS-289. ISBN: 978-82-8081-613-9 www.helsedirektoratet.no  
  2. Norsk barnelegeforening. Pediatriveiledere. Generell veileder: 10.3 Hematuri hos barn. Revidert 2009 www.helsebiblioteket.no  
  3. Bolenz C, Schröppel B, Eisenhardt A, Schmitz-Dräger BJ, Grimm MO. The Investigation of Hematuria. Dtsch Arztebl Int. 2018;115(48):801-807. Pmid: 30642428 PubMed  
  4. Kelly JD, Fawcett DP, Goldberg LC. Assessment and management of non-visible haematuria in primary care. BMJ 2009; 338: a3021. pmid:19151065 PubMed  
  5. Margulis V, Sagalowsky AI. Assessment of hematuria. Med Clin North Am 2011; 95: 153-9. pmid:21095418 PubMed  
  6. Jimbo M. Evaluation and management of hematuria. Prim Care 2010; 37: 461-72. pmid:20705193 PubMed  
  7. Sharp VJ, Barnes KT, Erickson BA. Assessment of asymptomatic microscopic hematuria in adults. Am Fam Physician 2013; 88: 747-54. PMID: 24364522 PubMed  
  8. Grossfeld GD, Litwin MS, Wolf JS, et al. Evaluation of asymptomatic microscopic hematuria in adults: the American Urological Association best practice policy--part I: definition, detection, prevalence, and etiology. Urology 2001; 57: 599-603. pmid:11306356 PubMed  
  9. Davis R, Jones JS, Barocas DA, et al. Diagnosis, evaluation and follow-up of asymptomatic microhematuria (AMH) in adults: AUA guideline. J Urol 2012; 188(6 Suppl): 2473-81. pmid:23098784 PubMed  
  10. Lisanti CJ, Toffoli TJ, Stringer MT, et al. CT evaluation of the upper urinary tract in adults younger than 50 years with asymptomatic microscopic hematuria: Is iv contrast enhancement needed. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2014; 203: 615-9. pmid:25148165 PubMed  
  11. Cohen RA, Brown RS. Clinical practice. Microscopic hematuria. N Engl J Med 2003; 348: 2330-8. pmid:12788998 PubMed  
  12. Alishahi S, Byrne D, Goodman CM, Baxby K. Haematuria investigation based on a standard protocol: emphasis on the diagnosis of urological malignancy. J R Coll Surg Edinb 2002; 47: 422-7. pmid:11874263 PubMed  
  13. Gonzales AN, Lipsky MJ, Li G, et al. The Prevalence of Bladder Cancer During Cystoscopy for Asymptomatic Microscopic Hematuria. Urology 2019; 126: 34-8. pmid:PMID: 30677457 PubMed  
  14. Bergstein J, Leiser J, Andreoli S et al. The clinical significance of asymptomatic gross and microscopic hematuria in children. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2005; 159(4): 353-5. pmid:15809388 PubMed  
  15. Tu WH, Shortliffe LD. Evaluation of asymptomatic, atraumatic hematuria in children and adults. Nat Rev Urol 2010; 7: 189-94. pmid:20212514 PubMed  
  16. Mohr DN, Offord KP, Owen RA, Melton LJ 3rd.. Asymptomatic microhematuria and urologic disease. A population-based study. JAMA 1986; 256: 224-9. pmid:3723707 PubMed  
  17. De Coster C, McLaughlin K, Noseworthy TW. Criteria for referring patients with renal disease for nephrology consultation: a review of the literature. J Nephrol 2010; 23: 399-407. pmid:20540033 PubMed  
  18. Mukhtar S, Woodhouse C. The management of cyclophosphamide-induced haematuria. BJU Int 2010; 105: 908-12. pmid:20089112 PubMed  
  19. Daher Ede F, da Silva GB Jr, Barros EJ. Renal tuberculosis in the modern era. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2013; 88: 54-64. pmid:23303798 PubMed  
  20. Norsk barnelegeforening. Pediatriveiledere. Generell veileder: Nyre, urinveier og kjønnsorganer. www.helsebiblioteket.no  
  21. Rao PK, Jones JS. How to evaluate 'dipstick hematuria': what to do before you refer. Cleve Clin J Med 2008; 75: 227-33. pmid:18383931 PubMed  
  22. Sing RI, Singal RK. What is significant hematuria for the primary care physician?. Can J Urol; 23089346: 2012.
  23. Tesser Poloni JA, Bosan IB, Garigali G, Fogazzi GB. Urinary red blood cells: not only glomerular or nonglomerular. Nephron Clin Pract 2012; 120: c69-41. pmid:22205019 PubMed  
  24. Moreno JA, Martín-Cleary C, Gutiérrez E, et al. AKI associated with macroscopic glomerular hematuria: clinical and pathophysiologic consequences. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2012; 7: 175-84. pmid:22096039 PubMed  
  25. Hicks J, Mierau G, Wartchow E, Eldin K. Renal diseases associated with hematuria in children and adolescents: a brief tutorial. Ultrastruct Pathol 2012; 36: 1-18. pmid:22292732 PubMed  
  26. Phadke KD, Vijayakumar M, Sharma J, et al. Consensus statement on evaluation of hematuria. Indian Pediatr 2006; 43: 965-73. pmid: 17151399 PubMed  
  27. Viteri B, Reid-Adam J. Hematuria and Proteinuria in Children. Pediatr Rev 2018; 39(12): 573-587. pmid:30504250 PubMed  
  28. Georgieva MV, Wheeler SB, Erim D, et al. Comparison of the Harms, Advantages, and Costs Associated With Alternative Guidelines for the Evaluation of Hematuria. JAMA Intern Med 2019. pmid:31355874 PubMed  
  • Ingard Løge, spesialist allmennmedisin, redaktør NEL

Tidligere fagmedarbeidere

  • Steinar J. Karlsen, tidligere klinikksjef og professor dr. med., Oslo Urologiske Universitetsklinikk, Aker universitetssykehus helseforetak og Universitetet i Oslo
  • Steinar Hunskår, professor i allmennmedisin, Institutt for samfunnsmedisinske fag, Seksjon for allmennmedisin, Universitetet i Bergen
  • Per Inge Lundmo, overlege og førsteamanuensis, Kirurgisk klinikk, Urinveissykdommer, Regionsykehuset i Trondheim og Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Trondheim