Akutt interstitiell nefritt (AIN)
Sist revidert:
Sist revidert av:Knut Aasarød
Definisjon:
En akutt, oftest reversibel nyresykdom karakterisert av inflammatoriske infiltrater i nyrenes interstitium forårsaket av medikament, infeksjon eller systemisk immunskdom
Forekomst:
Forholdsvis sjelden tilstand utenfor sykehus, men hos innlagte pasienter med akutt nyresvikt av ukjent årsak, sees AIN i fra 10% til 15% av tilfellene
Symptomer:
Uspesifikke symptomer på akutt/subakutt nyresvikt som slapphet, nedsatt matlyst, kvalme og brekninger, ev. endret vannlatning/urin
Funn:
Ingen spesifikke kliniske funn, men protein og ofte blod i urin. Fallende nyrefunksjon
Diagnostikk:
Tilleggsundersøkelser er urinprøve, blodprøver, ev. ultralyd. Nyrebiopsi er gullstandard for å bekrefte diagnosen
Behandling:
Behandlingen er først seponering av ev. utløsende medikament, ev. kortikosteroid.
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- Knut Aasarød, professor emeritus NTNU. Tidligere overlege ved nyreavdelingen, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim
- Tor Andre Johannessen, lege og redaktør NEL (tilpasning til NEL)
Tidligere fagmedarbeidere
- Nils Grefberg, med dr och överläkare internmedicin och nefrologi, tidigare vid Medicinkliniken, Centrallasarettet Växjö (Medibas)